{"id":799,"date":"2012-12-18T11:14:00","date_gmt":"2012-12-18T11:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pachamamitaecu-org-720647.hostingersite.com\/2012\/12\/18\/el-fin-del-juicio-del-siglo-esta-mas-cerca-aguinda-vs-texaco\/"},"modified":"2023-03-02T06:22:53","modified_gmt":"2023-03-02T06:22:53","slug":"el-fin-del-juicio-del-siglo-esta-mas-cerca-aguinda-vs-texaco","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pachamamitaecu.org\/en\/2012\/12\/18\/the-end-of-the-trial-of-the-century-is-closer-aguinda-vs-texaco\/","title":{"rendered":"The end of the \u201ctrial of the century\u201d is closer: Aguinda vs. Texaco."},"content":{"rendered":"

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\"texaco_chevron_edu_le\u00f3n<\/a><\/div>\n
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Martin Cuneo \/ Lago Agrio (Ecuador) Published in Diagonal<\/strong><\/div>\n
Ecuadorian courts force Chevron to pay 19 billion dollars. Argentine courts seize all its assets. The end of the \u201ctrial of the century\u201d is near.<\/span><\/div>\n
In an unprecedented process in the world, in January 2012 the Ecuadorian justice system confirmed the sentence issued a year earlier: the oil company Chevron-Texaco is guilty of having dumped millions of tons of toxic material into the Amazon rainforest and must pay a bill of 19.2 billion dollars, the highest figure in the history of judicial compensation<\/strong>The lawyers of the 30,000 indigenous people and peasants who make up the Assembly of People Affected by Texaco were quick to initiate proceedings to collect the money. But not in Ecuador, where the US company withdrew its assets some time ago, but in Canada, Brazil, Colombia and Argentina.<\/div>\n
It was in this last country where the procedure gave its first results. On November 7, the Argentine courts ordered the seizure of all the company's assets.<\/strong>. Investors were not particularly pleased by this news: the world's ninth largest oil company started December with sharp falls on the stock market. The first step towards repairing one of the largest toxic spills in history has already been taken.<\/div>\n
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Texaco poured the formation waters for 28 years,<\/em> a highly toxic liquid extracted together with oil, directly into the rivers without any kind of treatment. \/ Photo: Edu Le\u00f3n<\/em><\/div>\n
 The first barrel of oil<\/strong><\/div>\n
On June 27, 1972, the first barrel of oil from the Ecuadorian Amazon arrived in Quito, where it was received with all the honors of a head of state. Placed on a cushion on top of a tank, the procession advanced to the Military College's temple, amid a multitudinous parade. On the sides of the streets, Quito residents gathered to welcome a new "era of prosperity," according to the nasal voice of the National News.<\/div>\n
Forty years later, the region from which the oil that filled that barrel was extracted It is the poorest in Ecuador and has the highest rates of cancer in the entire country.<\/strong> The air smells like gasoline, the earth smells like gasoline, the water smells like gasoline.<\/div>\n
In a caf\u00e9 in the centre of Lago Agrio, the capital of this oil-producing region, Hermenegildo Criollo tells us about his first encounter with Texaco. Criollo was born in the Cof\u00e1n community of Dureno. He is old enough to remember. The rivers surrounding the village provided water to drink and plenty of fish. The forests provided animals to hunt and natural medicines.<\/div>\n
They arrived with helicopters. \u201cEveryone was scared, we had never seen anything like that in our lives, flying through the air, and we hid in the jungle.\u201d<\/strong>It was 1964. Texaco was beginning to build the infrastructure for the first well, Lago Agrio I. \u201cWe walked there and saw five hectares of cleared forest. They called us to come over there.\u201d In those years, they didn\u2019t speak a word of Spanish, says Criollo. Much less English. They were given three plates, some food and four spoons. That was the only payment they received in exchange for hundreds of thousands of hectares.<\/div>\n
A few days later, the Cof\u00e1n noticed a change in the noise coming from the machines. The company began drilling.<\/strong> One morning on the river bank, very close to the community, a large black spot appeared.
"What is this? Where does it come from?" they asked in the community. Neither the elders nor the shamans had ever seen an oil spill.<\/div>\n
\u201cWe didn\u2019t even know what oil was,\u201d says Hermenegildo Criollo.<\/strong> The toxic spills and discharges ended up flowing into the river that the Cofans used for drinking, bathing, watering their crops, and where their animals drank. \u201cWe moved the oil to the sides and took the water from below. We didn\u2019t know that the water was contaminated,\u201d says Criollo.<\/div>\n
\u201cAnd then the stomach aches and headaches started. We would bathe in the river and our whole bodies would break out in rashes. These were illnesses we had never seen before.\u201d His first child <\/strong>passed away<\/strong> at six months due to growth problems. <\/strong>The second was born healthy, but things soon went wrong. \u201cWhen he was three years old, he could already swim and walk. One day I took him to the river. And the boy, while he was bathing, drank contaminated water. When he got home he started to vomit. He ended up vomiting blood. Within 24 hours he died. Two children. From then on I said, what can I do? How can we protect ourselves from diseases that come from all sides?\u201d<\/div>\n
The case of the Dureno community was not an isolated one. When Texaco left Ecuador in 1992, it forgot to take 60.5 million liters of oil that it had spilled into the Amazon ecosystem and 68 billion liters of toxic water that it had dumped into rivers. Not to mention the 235 billion cubic feet of gas that it had burned in the open air.An environmental and social disaster comparable only to the greatest in history<\/strong>: Chernobyl, the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, Bhopal or the Exxon Valdez. Although in this case it was not an accident, but a deliberate action to save costs, as determined by the court ruling.<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n
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Texaco dumped the waste <\/em><\/p>\n
 toxic<\/em><\/div>\n

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 related <\/em><\/div>\n

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 with oil exploration<\/em><\/div>\n

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 in <\/em><\/p>\n
outdoor swimming pools. <\/em><\/div>\n

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 When it rained the <\/em><\/div>\n

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pools discharged toxic material<\/em><\/div>\n

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 in the rivers. <\/em><\/p>\n
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 There are about 1,000 people in the entire region.<\/em><\/div>\n

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 a thousand pools like this one. <\/em><\/div>\n

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 \/ Photo: Edu Leon<\/em><\/div>\n

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Indigenous people and settlers<\/strong><\/div>\n
One of the main obstacles to confronting Texaco was the mistrust between the two main groups affected by pollution: indigenous peoples and settlers<\/strong>, settlers from the Ecuadorian highlands who had come to the region in search of work as Texaco gained ground in the jungle.<\/div>\n
Humberto Piaguaje belongs to the Secoya people. There are only 445 members of their ancient culture left, threatened by wastewater and forced changes in their way of life. \u201cIt was a very difficult construction process at the beginning,\u201d he says. He remembers when Luis Yanza, one of the first leaders of the settlers, began to call meetings: \u201cPeople said: 'Gosh, how are we going to unite with the colonizers? They also came to destroy our forest.'\u201d<\/strong>The river banks, from which they obtained water and fish, were constantly covered in oil. Diseases, for which there was no cure, decimated the population, bringing their customs, language, stories and beliefs to the brink of extinction.<\/div>\n
\u201cWe felt very alone in this. But we said: 'No, then, We have to fight beyond all that, we have to face it by uniting all of us<\/strong>. Despite having so many conflicts, not knowing the culture, speaking other languages, we created the Amazon Defense Front\u201d<\/strong>, says Humberto Piaguaje.<\/div>\n
Years later, in 2001, the organization expanded with the creation of the Assembly of People Affected by Texaco. Today, Piaguaje serves as legal sub-coordinator of This organization brings together 30,000 indigenous people and settlers<\/strong>The main objective of the Assembly became to obtain justice through the courts and reparation for all the environmental and social damage caused by Texaco in its 28 years of oil activity.<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n
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Pablo Fajardo started working on the case<\/em><\/div>\n

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 when he was one year away from finishing<\/em><\/div>\n
 the law degree. <\/em><\/div>\n
Shortly after he became the main <\/em><\/div>\n
lawyer for those affected<\/em><\/div>\n
 faced with a team of lawyers<\/em><\/div>\n
 with decades of experience<\/em><\/div>\n
 and a million-dollar budget \/ Photo: Edu Le\u00f3n<\/em><\/div>\n

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\u201cThe trial of the century\u201d<\/strong><\/h4>\n
In 1993, a group of lawyers, settlers and indigenous people had already started a lawsuit in New York against Texaco. But The trial was systematically blocked by the company's multimillion-dollar team of lawyers.<\/strong> The oil company's main argument was that the trial should be held in Ecuador. "Texaco believed that justice here is very corrupt and that they could buy the judges with any penny," explains Alejandra Almeida, from Acci\u00f3n Ecol\u00f3gica. In 2002, Texaco achieved its goal: the trial from New York was moved to Ecuador.<\/div>\n
But things did not go as the company expected, says Almeida: "They did not count on the fact that the mobilization would be vigilant all the time and that would put pressure on the judges so that they could not be sold. With hundreds and hundreds of indigenous people at the door of the Court, no judge is going to think of doing something outrageous.<\/strong>. In Ecuador, trials are won in the streets. <\/strong>Texaco had not counted on that.\u201d The media began to talk about the \u201ctrial of the century.\u201d<\/div>\n
On June 23, 2003, the process against Chevron-Texaco in Lago Agrio began.<\/strong> The young man Pablo Fajardo was an assistant to the lawyers representing the 30,000 victims. He was born into a humble family of settlers and was about to finish his law studies by distance learning.<\/div>\n
\u201cI was assisting two very prestigious lawyers from Quito. One lived in the US, the other in Quito, but he fell ill during the trial. And in 2005, it was my turn to take on the case. I had only been a lawyer for a year at the time.<\/strong> \u201cThere were eight Chevron lawyers in front of me. The youngest had 25 years of experience,\u201d says Pablo Fajardo in his office in Lago Agrio. More than two entire rooms are needed to store all the trial material: 230,000 pages containing the testimonies of those affected, the analyses on the ground and the data from 18 years of litigation.<\/div>\n

The end of \u201ca 50-year war\u201d<\/strong><\/h4>\n
It is hard to imagine a more unequal trial. From the beginning of the process, Chevron has spent more than $1 billion on lawyers and expert reports.<\/strong> \u201cWe have had to scrounge for every last cent to continue this battle. And not only is this difference considerable, but they have the resources to manipulate any information, to buy governments, to bribe journalists, they have enough money to control the entire world,\u201d says Fajardo.<\/div>\n
These differences and his inexperience as a lawyer did not seem to be an obstacle for the Chevron-Texaco lawyers. He was supported evidence of contamination that the company itself did not bother to deny at any time.<\/strong> At most, he attempted to qualify its scope.<\/div>\n
Between 2003 and 2010, the trial progressed without good prospects for the multinational. Its team of lawyers did not stop trying any tactic. First it tried to challenge the trial because the Assembly of Affected People was a \u201ccriminal association\u201d dedicated to extorting the company. Then it tried to have the trial returned to the United States because in Ecuador the conditions for a fair trial were no longer met.<\/div>\n
It didn't work. The pressure outside the courts was constant. As were the marches to Quito.<\/strong>, supported by environmental groups, the indigenous confederation of the Amazon and the indigenous confederation of all Ecuador. There were also constant mass assemblies, occupations of the Attorney General's Office and security guards, all hours of the day, every day of the year, to prevent unwanted contacts between company representatives and judges.<\/div>\n

A collective exit<\/strong><\/h4>\n
On February 14, 2011, the Ecuadorian courts finally issued a verdict. They repeated it in January 2012: Chevron-Texaco was guilty. It had to pay 19.2 billion dollars, the highest compensation in the history of humanity. But the affected people did not expect to become millionaires surrounded by pollution and misery. The 30,000 claimants decided that the money would not be distributed individually but collectively.<\/strong> Most of the compensation will go towards environmental restoration, with the rest going towards hospitals, schools, drinking water supplies and other investments for the development of the region.<\/div>\n
Now all that remains is to collect the money, which is not easy, since Chevron has no assets in Ecuador. \u201cWe have to force Chevron to pay for the crime committed by law. Wherever Chevron has assets, we will go,\u201d says Pablo Fajardo. The Argentine justice system has been the first to accept the Ecuadorian claim. But more countries will be needed to complete the repair. <\/strong>Canada, Brazil and Colombia are some of the countries where the fight to compensate for the damage caused by Texaco between 1964 and 1992 will continue.<\/div>\n
Regardless of what happens with the compensation, The trial is already \u201chistoric,\u201d says Fajardo<\/strong>For this lawyer, this process not only affects Chevron, the plaintiffs and the Amazon. \u201cWhat is at stake is an entire corporate system that for decades has committed enormous crimes with total impunity in Latin America, Africa, Asia and everywhere else in the world. This trial could change the rules of the game,\u201d he says.<\/div>\n
Pablo Fajardo speaks of a \u201cwar of almost 50 years\u201d in the Ecuadorian Amazon. The first 28 years were a \u201cconstant massacre\u201d by Texaco, 28 years in which it was \u201cbombarding the air, the water, the land, the jungle with toxics.\u201d \u201cThe last 18 years we have been reacting little by little and we have been able to confront this real power. Until a few years ago, people in Ecuador and around the world thought it was impossible for a group of indigenous people, farmers, poor people from a 'third world' country to confront a powerful company like Chevron.<\/strong>We are showing that it is possible and that it can be done, that it is possible to go much further, that things can be changed, that they are not untouchable, that they are not invincible.\u201d<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Martin C\u00faneo \/ Lago Agrio (Ecuador) Publicado en Diagonal La justicia ecuatoriana obliga a Chevron a pagar 19 mil millones de d\u00f3lares. Y la argentina embarga todos sus bienes. El fin del \u201cjuicio del siglo\u201d est\u00e1 m\u00e1s cerca. En un proceso in\u00e9dito en el mundo, en enero de 2012 la justicia ecuatoriana confirmaba la sentencia […]\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,142,408,188,187],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-799","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cofan","category-cofanes","category-derrame-petroleo","category-madera-petroleo-y-resistencia","category-ronda-petrolera"],"yoast_head":"\nEl fin del \u201cjuicio del siglo\u201d est\u00e1 m\u00e1s cerca: Aguinda vs. Texaco. - PachaMamita Ecuador<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pachamamitaecu.org\/en\/2012\/12\/18\/the-end-of-the-trial-of-the-century-is-closer-aguinda-vs-texaco\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"El fin del \u201cjuicio del siglo\u201d est\u00e1 m\u00e1s cerca: Aguinda vs. Texaco.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Martin C\u00faneo \/ Lago Agrio (Ecuador) Publicado en Diagonal La justicia ecuatoriana obliga a Chevron a pagar 19 mil millones de d\u00f3lares. Y la argentina embarga todos sus bienes. El fin del \u201cjuicio del siglo\u201d est\u00e1 m\u00e1s cerca. 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